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    When issuance of Worthless Checks, not violative of B.P. 22.   While we agree with the private respondent
    that the gravamen of violation of B.P. 22 is the issuance of worthless checks that are dishonored upon
    their presentment for payment, we should not apply penal laws mechanically. We must find if the
    application of the law is consistent with the purpose of and reason for the law. Ratione cessat lex, et
    cessat lex
. (When the reason for the law ceases, the law ceases.) It is not the letter alone but the
    spirit of the law also that gives it life. This is especially so in this case where a debtor's criminalization
    would not serve the ends of justice but in fact subvert it. The creditor having collected already more than
    a sufficient amount to cover the value of the checks for payment of rentals, via auction sale, we find that
    holding the debtor's president to answer for a criminal offense under B.P. 22 two years after said
    collection is no longer tenable nor justified by law or equitable considerations. (VERGARA vs. PEOPLE,
    G.R. No. 160328, February 4, 2005)

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  EO 52, PD 46, PD 1602, PD 1613, RA 7796, RA 7844, RA 7975, RA 8369, RA 8533, RA 8552, RA 8559, RA 8560, RA 8791, RA 9225, RA 9255,
  AO 01, s. 2002 (PHILCOA), RA 8048

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